Subject. This article examines the format and content of the financial statements of organizations, including the balance sheet, due to the entry into force of the new federal standard. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a comparative analysis of liabilities as one of the backbone elements of the balance sheet of public and private sector organizations. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis, systematization, comparison, and generalization of regulatory sources and scientific literature. Results. Based on the study of the definition and content of liabilities, the similarities and differences of their components in the organizations of the sectors under consideration, the article finds that the composition of the balance sheet liabilities does not coincide in terms of sources of financing activities and is largely similar in terms of borrowed funds, namely liabilities. The article proposes to change the reflection of deferred income and reserves for future expenses in the balance sheet of public sector organizations. Conclusions and Relevance. The economic content of the sources of financing the activities of organizations in the sectors under consideration is fundamentally different. The financial result is the only comparable element. The results and conclusions obtained can be used to develop regulatory legal acts in the field of accounting regulation in the Russian Federation, as well as for scientific research.
Keywords: balance sheet, liabilities, obligations, capital, financial result
References:
Druzhilovskaya T.Yu. [Balance sheet: Development of the methodology for its formation in the system of Russian Accounting Standards]. Bukhgalterskii uchet v zdravookhranenii = Accounting in Healthcare, 2023, no. 9, pp. 37–45. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.33920/med-17-2309-03 EDN: NXJSII
Zalevskaya N.A., Igolkina V.V., Novosel’tseva S.N. [Balance sheet and the use of its items to analyze and improve the financial state of a business subject]. Vestnik Belgorodskogo universiteta kooperatsii, ekonomiki i prava, 2022, no. 5(96), pp. 76–84. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.21295/2223-5639-2022-5-76-84 EDN: WWVSHN
Kovalev V.V. [Balance-sheet in the historical retrospective]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Ekonomika, 2011, no. 3, pp. 85–99. (In Russ.) EDN: OCVMJL
Kolesnik N.F., Irtuganov R.R. [Analytical capacity of the balance sheet of an industrial enterprise in the format of IFRS and RAS]. Upravlencheskii uchet, 2021, no. 1, pp. 31–39. (In Russ.) EDN: TWOSFV
Kulikova L.I., Solntseva A.A. [A study of the current state of the balance sheet as a source of information on the financial position of the organization]. Finansy i uchetnaya politika, 2019, no. 3, pp. 17–24. (In Russ.) EDN: IIMCZH
Soldatkina O.A. [Evolution from the balance sheet to the statement of financial position in accordance with IFRS]. Konkurentosposobnost' v global'nom mire: ekonomika, nauka, tekhnologii, 2022, no. 5, pp. 153–156. (In Russ.) EDN: OBHUJW
Sorokina E.M. [Organizational aspects of reporting preparation as a source of information for business evaluation]. Izvestiya Baikal'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of Baikal State University, 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 239–247. (In Russ.) URL: Link.239-247 EDN: XCOPLQ
Kopylova E.K., Kopylova T.I. [Presentation of accounting information on non-current assets using simplified methods]. Mezhdunarodnyi bukhgalterskii uchet = International Accounting, 2022, vol. 25, iss. 5, pp. 561–583. (In Russ.) URL: Link EDN: RSKHSY
Klychova G.S., Sakhapov B.R. [Non-financial assets: Composition and qualification description]. Mezhdunarodnyi bukhgalterskii uchet = International Accounting, 2024, vol. 27, iss. 3, pp. 264–277. (In Russ.) URL: Link EDN: AKRSLK
Kulikova L.I., Solntseva A.A. [The formation of items of non-current assets in the balance sheet: The existing practice and strategies for improvements]. Mezhdunarodnyi bukhgalterskii uchet = International Accounting, 2019, vol. 22, iss. 6, pp. 650–662. (In Russ.) URL: Link EDN: UUGVVR
Pechennikova G.G., Odakhovskaya D.A., Pyatak A.A. [Practical aspects of using the Federal Accounting Standard "Fixed Assets"]. Baikal Research Journal, 2022, vol. 13, no. 4. (In Russ.) URL: Link.1 EDN: BYEHMJ
Odakhovskaya D.A., Pechennikova G.G. [Accounting and tax accounting of fixed assets, intangible assets and depreciation for development and improvement of approaches to assessment of the company's assets]. Izvestiya Baikal'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of Baikal State University, 2019, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 113−122. (In Russ.) URL: Link113-122 EDN: AJHWTF
Bubnov V.A., Odakhovskaya D.A., Pyatak A.A. [Reflection of borrowed funds in Russian and foreign practice]. Izvestiya Baikal'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of Baikal State University, 2022, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 67–77. (In Russ.) URL: Link.67-77 EDN: IHHWIE
Selezneva I.P., Ostaev G.Yа., Klychova G.S. et al. [Capital as an economic category. Elements of capital as accounting objects]. Mezhdunarodnyi bukhgalterskii uchet = International Accounting, 2024, vol. 27, iss. 5, pp. 518–540. (In Russ.) URL: Link EDN: WBXNNI
Neelova N.V., Kochinev Yu.Yu. [Classification and presentation of equity in IFRS financial statements]. Mezhdunarodnyi bukhgalterskii uchet = International Accounting, 2024, vol. 27, iss. 4, pp. 366–386. (In Russ.) URL: Link EDN: AAJVIN
Kotova K.Yu., Shakirova N.N. [Capital accounting and liabilities problems in the context of economic processes reforming and International Financial Reporting Standards introducing]. Vestnik Universiteta, 2022, no. 1, pp. 130–137. (In Russ.) URL: Link EDN: EXJZHK
Arbatskaya T.G., Putyrskaya Ya.V. [Deferred income: Development of accounting and reporting rules]. Baikal Research Journal, 2023, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 417–428. (In Russ.) URL: Link.417-428 EDN: TSIRKJ
Arbatskaya T.G., Putyrskaya Ya.V. [Estimated liabilities as an object of accounting in the public and non-public sectors of the economy]. Baikal Research Journal, 2022, vol. 13, no. 1. (In Russ.) URL: Link.4 EDN: DKFKVD
Druzhilovskaya T.Yu. [Current problems of accounting for assets, liabilities and capital of commercial and non-commercial organizations]. Bukhgalterskii uchet v byudzhetnykh i nekommercheskikh organizatsiyakh, 2020, no. 7, pp. 2–8. (In Russ.) EDN: CHHYFF
Kopylova E.K., Kopylova T.I. [Small business asset formation sources: Accounting and regulatory considerations]. Mezhdunarodnyi bukhgalterskii uchet = International Accounting, 2019, vol. 22, iss. 12, pp. 1343–1363. (In Russ.) URL: Link EDN: ZTFCMA
