Subject. Rethinking the role of environmental factors in ensuring sustainable development of regions. Objectives. Development of the theoretical foundations for transitioning to a model of assessing the stability of regional economic systems that takes into account the impact of the environmental factor on the development of the territory. Methods. Structural, systems, comparative analyses, conceptual modeling. Results. A model for the functioning of the regional economic system has been developed, in which the ecological capacity of the territory is interpreted as a system of threshold limits. A mechanism has been proposed that ensures the alignment of economic activity parameters with the natural capabilities of the territory and allows identifying the limits of allowable load. Conclusions. Ignoring the limiting function of the environmental subsystem leads to a distorted assessment of sustainability and the accumulation of hidden costs, whereas taking threshold limits into account allows for preventing environmental risks and ensures balanced development of regional economic systems.
Keywords: regional economic system, sustainable development, ecological subsystem, ecological capacity of the territory, resilience, spatial development
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