Subject. Ensuring defense capability, developing transportation, strengthening Russia's position in the Arctic. Objectives. Identifying ways to improve the efficiency of developing the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, taking into account natural and climatic factors. Methods. Both general scientific and specialized (economic and statistical) research methods were used. Results. It's been noted that the gross regional product and investment volume in the Arctic zone are growing ahead of schedule, but the lack of skilled personnel is limiting the potential for developing this strategically important region. The economic efficiency of developing the Arctic zone directly depends on taking into account climate and geocryological factors. It has been proven necessary to align economic strategies with data obtained from monitoring permafrost and ice conditions to reduce accidents, optimize costs, and make the most of the transport potential of the Northern Sea Route. Conclusions. The research results can be used to adjust development programs for the Arctic zone, to create feasibility studies for investment projects, and to assess risks related to natural factors.
Keywords: Arctic zone of Russia economic development, Northern Sea Route, resource potential, climate risks
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