Importance Analysis of the development of the Russian economy and strategic documents shows that the resource potential of the country in the foreseeable future will play a significant role in its socio-economic development. The article deals with discussion issues on building production and oil revenues allocation in the context of the planned innovation way of development of the country. However, there are certain threats to reduce the planned output that is related to problems of reproduction of the oil mineral base. Objectives The paper aims to determine areas of use of rental income from the exploitation of oil resources in relation to the current conditions of the Russian Federation, analyze the problem of falling oil-mineral-base reproduction, and find some good solution to the problem. Methods A system approach and statistical analysis methods are the methodological basis of the research. Results I emphasize that the rental income from the exploitation of oil resources should be directed to the artificial capital, which can be used by the subsequent generations. I analyzed the causes of the oil-reserves reproduction fall, the main of which is a decrease in exploration work, and I considered the guidelines to solve the problem. My paper shows that the reproduction of raw-materials base of the country is impossible without the regulatory role of the State. I have developed certain proposals for the development of the oil mineral base. Conclusions and Relevance Proceeds from the extraction and processing of oil must be used for the development of manufacturing industries, high-tech industries, infrastructure, strengthening the country's defense capability. To attract investors in large projects, State guarantees reducing business risks and the possibility of trading or selling stocks identified are necessary.
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