Importance In the conditions, which are insufficient for sustainable development of positive dynamics of the main indicators of socio-economic development of individual territorial units, the resource assessment and the selection of the priority groups, the use of which will increase the available tools and mechanisms of development gain the importance. The study of the resource component part of regional systems under these conditions is one of the priorities for preparation of change. Objectives The study is aimed at analyzing the resource component of socio-economic development of the Kostroma region to further identify priority actions to accelerate this development. Based on identified resources, the author lays special emphasis on the priority sectors of the region's economy. Methods In the present work through the analysis of statistical information, the author defines the dynamics of the basic components of the resource potential of the Kostroma region. Results of the work can be defined as a theoretical basis for testing of new methods of development of the territories that do not possess the significant resources. In the course of defining development priorities of the region, the author carries out the complex analysis of the basic socio-economic indicators of its development. Discussion The similar analysis can be conducted on the basis of the other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The results obtained can be used for planning the further development of the Kostroma region. Conclusions and Relevance The author infers that the basic components of the resource potential of the Kostroma region today can be defined as manor. The main socio-economic indicators demonstrate the persistence or worsening of the values that require the active action of the regional authorities aimed at changing the situation. The author specifies sectors of the economy, which, in accordance with the results of the analysis, should be the priority for the region.
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