Importance The subject of the study elucidates the social and economic relations, which define the processes and consistent patterns of formation and development of employment potential. Objectives The paper provides the theoretical substantiation and systematization of the scientific and methodological approaches defining the essence of the category of employment potential taking into account the current trends in the system of the social and labor relations. Methods We have used the system approach and a method of the dialectic knowledge, which allows systematizing and proving the theoretical approaches defining the essence of employment potential and disclosing the new content of the given categories, serving as the methodological basis. Results We have summarized and proposed the theoretical approaches defining the essence of the concept of employment potential and have revealed the new content of the given category, have determined the system of the factorial influence on the efficiency of the use of employment potential of workers as a basic condition of high-quality reproduction of a manpower that finds reflection in methodology of the analysis, forecasting and planning of development of a regional labor market. We consider that the theoretical and practical importance of the research consists in the developed basic provisions, which expand the borders of scientific knowledge of all aspects of ensuring the positive dynamics of development of the social and labor relations of the concrete spatial and territorial unit. We offer the scientifically reasonable recommendations and offers, which can be applied by legislative and executive bodies of the power when developing the social and economic projects and the programs aimed at the sustainable development of a regional labor market. Conclusions and Relevance We emphasize that the high-quality formation and development of employment capacity of the region depend on complexity and systematization of the researches of social and economic processes in the labor sphere that will allow to define objective conditions of ensuring competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the national economy, but at the same time, it will create the foundation for reproduction of a manpower, defining their quantitative and qualitative structures.
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