The article studies the role of tax decentralization in forming an effective budget-and-tax policy of a region. The authors state that the problems of tax decentralization in Russia are many due to its vast territory and the great variety of climatic, resource, demographic, ethnic, infrastructure and other factors causing an essential distinction in the levels of economic development of various regions and in the needs of the regional population. The article illustrates the positive and negative aspects of decentralization of the budgetary and tax relations. The necessity of making an effective model of tax federalism that will serve the interests of the Federation and its subjects is substantiated.
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