Subject. This article discusses the influence of knowledge generation, and two fundamentally different types of innovations on the dynamics of economic systems evolution. Objectives. The study aims to substantiate the possibility of implementing the idea of "innovation-based economic growth" proposed by J. Mokyr using economic-mathematical models. Methods. For the study, we used a methodological approach to construct economic-mathematical models of economic growth by analogy with the evolutionary development of biological populations, using the example of the СOVID-19 coronavirus, and the theory of Kondratiev long waves. Results. The article reveals the effectiveness of a model with two fundamentally different innovation types regarding their impact on the dynamics of economic development processes. Expanding access to natural resources leads to the natural formation of Kondratiev cycles. Conclusions. The evolutionary model allows explaining the automatic capital transfer from agents with below-average economic innovativeness to agents whose innovativeness is above the average.
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