Subject. In this article, we consider the role of the metallurgical industry in the import substitution policy implementation. Objectives. The purpose is to identify and analyze the specifics of innovative activity of iron and steel enterprises in Russia. Methods. The study rests on methods of comparative analysis. Results. The findings point to a significant negative impact of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020-2021 and the sanctions imposed against Russia in 2022, on the metallurgical industry. Conclusions. The development of the metallurgical industry in the near future is primarily associated with improved efficiency of investments in technological innovation.
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