Subject. The article focuses on the substance of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The study analyzes trends in aggregated financial and economic indicators of today’s Russia, and reveals the substance of the Central Bank. Methods. The study is based on the systems approach and methods of statistical, neural network and cluster analysis. Results. I demonstrate the positioning of the Central Bank and its function. The Central Bank was found to depend on the market, being, on the one hand, its vehicle, and, on the other hand, its product (as part of monetary relations). Therefore, the substance of the Central Bank shows up in the monetary relations. The article illustrates the substance of the Central Bank, which is to ensure the stable growth in the accounting balance notwithstanding a drop in the national exchange rate, finance the cash ratio, maintain a growth in the interbank interest rate and yield on government bonds. The above functions shape the monetary relations. The official inflation targeting policy of the Central Bank should be viewed through the real effective exchange rate. Conclusions and Relevance. Understanding the contemporary substance of the Central Bank unveils the mechanism of monetary relations and opportunities for maintaining the stability of the Russian capitalism within the dynamics of aggregated financial and economic indicators. The findings contribute to the existing knowledge and advance the competence of public authorities to make administrative decisions on the regulatory responsibility of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation for its performance.
Keywords: exchange rate, monetary relations, capitalism, mechanism, inflation targeting, financial and economic indicators, Central Bank
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