Subject The article discusses the crime and punishment in Russia. Objectives The research aims to determine the sequence of agglomeration and importance of crime and conviction rates in the Russian Federation. Methods The research draws upon a comprehensive approach involving cluster and neural network analysis. Results Using the cluster and neural network analysis, we determined the agglomeration sequence and importance of criminality and conviction indicators in the Russian Federation. The findings allow to systemically consider the issue of decreasing the crime rate with the synergistic effect which is reciprocally generated by respective crimes and commensurate punishment. The comprehensive approach broadens hands-on knowledge of possibilities to decrease crimes and enhance the law and security protection activities inter alia by reducing a share of federal expenditures. Conclusions and Relevance We identified key areas for preventing the main types of crime in terms of ascending hierarchical severity among alumni and students, men aged 30–49 and the unemployed, and determined the principal punishment. Governmental authorities can use the findings to plan crime curbing activities.
Keywords: cluster analysis, measure of punishment, agglomeration order, crime
References:
Gilinskiy Ya. Crime in Contemporary Russia. European Journal of Criminology, 2006, vol. 3, iss. 3, pp. 259–292. URL: Link
Morris N.A., Slocum L.A. Estimating Country-Level Terrorism Trends Using Group-Based Trajectory Analyses: Latent Class Growth Analysis and General Mixture Modeling. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 2012, vol. 28, iss. 1, pp. 103–139. Stable URL: Link
Stamatel J.P. The Influence of Political and Economic Changes on Macro-Level Property Crime Variation: The case of post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 2017, vol. 17, iss. 5, pp. 526–545. URL: Link
Savyuk L.K. [On the international classification of crimes]. Vestnik NSUEM, 2015, no. 4, pp. 223–239. (In Russ.)
Vanchikova E.N., Makarov A.N., Chumakova L.P. [Studying the spatial differentiation of budgetary support for program actions to prevent crimes and other offenses as a methodological basis of criminological prediction mechanism in the Russian Federation (regional aspect)]. Vserossiiskii kriminologicheskii zhurnal = Russian Journal of Criminology, 2016, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 233–243. (In Russ.) URL: Link.233–243
Moshkin N.I., Tsyrenov D.D., Borovskikh R.N. [Methodological issues of criminological prediction of mechanisms determining crimes and other offences within the framework of forming the budgetary funds allocated for their prevention]. Vserossiiskii kriminologicheskii zhurnal = Russian Journal of Criminology, 2017, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 52–60. (In Russ.) URL: Link.52–60
Dianov D.V., Gaifullin N.B. [The application of statistical methods in the expert studies of the basic capital of the regional economy]. Voprosy regional'noi ekonomiki = Problems of Regional Economy, 2018, no. 1, pp. 151–160. (In Russ.)
Aliev U.A., Kuritsyna N.I. [Problematics in the analysis of economic crime in Russia]. Vestnik Natsional'noi akademii turizma = Vestnik of National Tourism Academy, 2018, no. 1, pp. 81–83. (In Russ.)
Brailko D.M. [Statistical study of economic crimes]. Vestnik Universiteta, 2016, no. 1, pp. 56–62. (In Russ.)
Kornilov A.R., Kutyakin S.A. [Up-to-date expert and statistical analysis of economic crime and corruption counteraction in the Ryazan Oblast]. Yuridicheskaya nauka= Legal Science, 2018, no. 1, pp. 93–100. (In Russ.)
Kurakin A.V., Kostennikov M.V., Myshlyaev N.P. [Reasons for and conditions of administrative offences (delicts)]. Administrativnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo = Administrative and Municipal Law, 2015, no. 7, pp. 676–683. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Serikbaeva S.S. [To the question of improvement of the statistical accounting of terrorist and extremist criminal offences]. Byulleten' nauki i praktiki = Bulletin of Science and Practice, 2016, no. 5, pp. 227–230. (In Russ.)
Kuz'mina N.V. [Problematic issues of accounting for extremist and terrorist manifestations in criminal law statistics]. Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser. Filosofiya. Sotsiologiya. Pravo = Belgorod State University Scientific Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Sociology. Law, 2016, vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 109–113. URL: Link (In Russ.)
Kaibichev I.A., Kaibicheva E.I. [Index of revealing serious criminals in the Russian Federation]. Nauchnyi vestnik Omskoi akademii MVD Rossii = Scientific Bulletin of the Omsk Academy of the MIA of Russia, 2017, no. 2, pp. 11–15. (In Russ.)
Glaisher J.L. On the Solution of the Equations in the Method of Least Squares. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1874, vol. 34, iss. 7, pp. 311–335. URL: Link
Sheppard W.F. Fitting of Polynomial by Method of Least Squares (Solution in Terms of Differences or Sums). Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 1914, vol. s2-13, iss. 1, pp. 97–108. URL: Link
Khabaza I.M. An Iterative Least-Square Method Suitable for Solving Large Sparse Matrices. The Computer Journal, 1963, vol. 6, iss. 2, pp. 202–206. URL: Link
Bajo Ja., De Paz Ju.F., Rodríguez S., González A. A New Clustering Algorithm Applying a Hierarchical Method Neural Network. Logic Journal of the IGPL, 2011, vol. 19, iss. 2, pp. 304–314. URL: Link
Fraley C., Raftery A.E. How Many Clusters? Which Clustering Method? Answers Via Model-Based Cluster Analysis. The Computer Journal, 1998, vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 578–588.
Molokov V.V., Rudakova E.N. [Study of statistical correlations of indexes of crime as a factor of criminalization in the region]. Vestnik Sibirskogo yuridicheskogo instituta MVD Rossii = Vestnik of Siberian Law Institute of the MIA of Russia, 2018, no. 1, pp. 61–68. (In Russ.)
Kozyrev M.S., Maslikov V.A. [The use of correlation analysis for the study of some crimes committed in Moscow]. Vserossiiskii kriminologicheskii zhurnal Baikal'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta ekonomiki i prava= Criminology Journal of Baikal National University of Economics and Law, 2016, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 28–39. (In Russ.) URL: Link.28-39
Kim S.-W., Pridemore W.A. Social Change, Institutional Anomie and Serious Property Crime in Transitional Russia. The British Journal of Criminology, 2005, vol. 45, iss. 1, pp. 81–97. URL: Link
Lysova A., Shchitov N. What Is Russia's Real Homicide Rate? Statistical Reconstruction and the ‘Decivilizing Process’. Theoretical Criminology, 2015, vol. 19, iss. 2, pp. 257–277. URL: Link
