Pronichkin S.V.Federal Research Center Computer Science and Control of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation pronichkin@mail.ru ORCID id: not available
Subject The existing circumstances crucially changes the nature of scientific activities. To get a more profound understanding of R&D issues, it is necessary to study basic and applied researches and find efficacy evaluation practices. Processes in science, development trends in some areas, research efficiency drivers, social importance of some findings constitute the subject of this research. Objectives I elaborate aspects of evaluating the efficacy of scientific activities, analyze distinctive features of national and foreign practices and discuss methodological issues. Methods The research is based on the classification and structural analysis, logic and functional methods, principles of systems research to identify cause-and-effect relationships. Results I examined organizational and financial practices in science and point out distinctions in the current development of science. The article overviews methods for evaluating the efficacy of basic and applied research and sheds light on methodological discussions. I discern the efficacy evaluation of basic and applied research and underline the specifics of supporting young scholars in their basic research. The article sets out new scientific and methodological approaches to evaluate the efficacy of scientific activities. Conclusions and Relevance High uncertainty of timelines and results of basic research hampers the efficacy evaluation by results. As part of efficacy evaluation methods of applied research, quantitative indicators are important, while qualitative indicators and practical feasibility are not regarded. The findings may prove useful for entities operating in the national innovation system of Russia for R&D planning and management.
Keywords: efficacy, scientific activities, scientific organizations, research and development, research area
References:
Varshavskii А.E. [Science-intensive sector and high technologies in Russian economy]. Ekonomicheskaya nauka sovremennoi Rossii = Economics of Contemporary Russia, 2000, no. 2, pp. 61–83. URL: Link (In Russ.)
Eliseev Yu.S., Saushkin B.P. [The state and prospects of science-intensive technologies development in machine building]. Metalloobrabotka = Metalworking, 2010, no. 2, pp. 9–17. (In Russ.)
Stepanova E.Yu. [The high technology branches and high technologies are the basis of technological security and independence of the country]. Fundamental'nye i prikladnye problemy tekhniki i tekhnologii = Fundamental and Applied Problems of Engineering and Technology, 2014, no. 2, pp. 122–132. (In Russ.)
Pronichkin S.V., Raevskaya E.G., Tikhonov I.P. [Experience in organizing and guiding expertise of results of scientific and technical program]. Khimicheskaya bezopasnost' = Chemical Safety, 2017, no. 2, pp. 147–157. (In Russ.)
Pronichkin S.V., Tikhonov I.P. [Development of criteria and methodological approaches to assessment of effectiveness of expert scientific organizations]. Natsional'nye interesy: prioritety i bezopasnost' = National Interests: Priorities and Security, 2013, vol. 9, iss. 37, pp. 13–19. URL: Link (In Russ.)
Pronichkin S.V., Tikhonov I.P. [Assessment of productivity of activity of the scientific organizations]. Ekonomicheskii analiz: teoriya i praktika = Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice, 2014, vol. 13, iss. 3, pp. 27–33. URL: Link (In Russ.)
Varshavskii А.E. [On the strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian economy]. Obshchestvo i ekonomika = Society and Economics, 2017, no. 6, pp. 5–27. (In Russ.)
Lukashov V.N., Lukashov N.V., Slepinina А.K. [Analysis of the major trends in the economic evaluation of basic research]. Innovatsii = Innovations, 2016, no. 9, pp. 55–61. (In Russ.)
Mindeli L.E., Chernykh S.I. [Funding of basic research in Russia: Modern realities and forecasts]. Problemy prognozirovaniya = Problems of Forecasting, 2016, no. 3, pp. 111–122. (In Russ.)
Leonov А.V., Pronin А.Yu. [Prioritizing the areas of basic research for the creation of high-technological products]. Natsional'nye interesy: prioritety i bezopasnost' = National Interests: Priorities and Security, 2017, vol. 13, iss. 6, pp. 1004–1017. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Demircioglu M.A., Audretsch D.B. Conditions for Innovation in Public Sector Organizations. Research Policy, 2017, vol. 46, iss. 9, pp. 1681–1691. URL: Link
Bryan K.A., Lemus J. The Direction of Innovation. Journal of Economic Theory, 2017, vol. 172, pp. 247–272. URL: Link
Havas A., Weber K.M. The ‘Fit’ between Forward-Looking Activities and the Innovation Policy Governance Sub-System. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2017, vol. 115, pp. 327–337. URL: Link
Panteleeva K.O. [Key approaches and methods for planning new product at the stage of research and experimental-design developments]. European Social Science Journal, 2013, no. 10-2, pp. 442–450. (In Russ.)
Zehavi A., Breznitz D. Distribution Sensitive Innovation Policies. Research Policy, 2017, vol. 46, iss. 1, pp. 327–336. URL: Link
Pronichkin S.V., Tikhonov I.P., Sakharova N.А., Roshchin А.V. [Development of criterial model for evaluation of innovative potential of results of modern scientific and technical programs]. Khimicheskaya bezopasnost' = Chemical Safety, 2017, no. 1, pp. 256–265. (In Russ.)
Gudkova А.А. [Development of the performance-based method for R&D planning]. Innovatika i ekspertiza: nauchnye trudy = Innovatics and Expert Examination, 2014, no. 1, pp. 121–130. (In Russ.)
Semirkhanova O.N. [Goal tree as a way to develop targeted programs in the agro-industrial complex]. Vestnik Аltaiskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta = Bulletin of Altai State Agricultural University, 2010, no. 1, pp. 106–109. (In Russ.)
Saaty T. Time Dependent Decision-Making; Dynamic Priorities in the AHP/ANP: Generalizing from Points to Functions and from Real to Complex Variables. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 2007, vol. 46, iss. 7-8, pp. 860–891. URL: Link
De Smedt P., Borch K., Fuller T. Future Scenarios to Inspire Innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2013, vol. 80, iss. 3, pp. 432–443. URL: Link
Larichev O.I. Verbal'nyi analiz reshenii: monografiya [Verbal analysis of decisions: a monograph]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2006, 181 p.
Varshavskii А.E. [The main problems of assessing the resultativeness and effectiveness of scientific organizations]. Kontseptsii = Concepts, 2015, no. 1, pp. 3–8. (In Russ.)
Zibareva I.V. [Bibliometric evaluation of organization scientific output: Problems and their solutions]. Territoriya novykh vozmozhnostei. Vestnik Vladivostokskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta ekonomiki i servisa = Territory of New Opportunities. Bulletin of Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, 2012, no. 4, pp. 148–156. URL: Link (In Russ.)
