Importance The article presents the outcome of a detailed analysis of livestock and crop production indicators of the Russian Federation, ratings of the Russian regions in terms of agriculture finance. The research especially evaluates the development of small business in agriculture on the basis of my own estimates. Objectives The research aims at demonstrating the current challenges crop and livestock production faces in the Russian Federation, insufficiency of agriculture finance, need in the State support to the agricultural sector. Methods The methodological framework relies upon general scientific and special methods (economic, mathematical and statistic). Mostly, I applied rating and points-based methods, and consistency and objectivity principles. Results The average salary in agriculture, hunting and forestry has risen 17.89 times for the 2000-2014 period, as compared with 14.67 times in the entire Russian economy. However, it is still twice less than the average salary in other economic sectors. Businesses and individual entrepreneurs obtained fewer loans. Conclusions and Relevance Upon the analysis of the results, I made conclusions, key proposals, recommendations, and I outlined activities for addressing the existing agricultural issues of the Russian Federation. The outcome can be used by public and municipal authorities to take specific decisions in modernizing socio-economic processes, or can be useful for educational purposes.
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