Objectives The purpose of the article is to identify the historical prerequisites of the achievements, which have been reached by Russia and Mongolia within the framework of their centuries-old military-political union in order to preserve them in modern conditions and development. In the article, we have attempted to identify the trends in the development of the Russian-Mongolian relationship based on the analysis of the Ukrainian events through the opinions and attitudes of the citizens of Mongolia and its responsible executives. Methods We use the methods of logical historical research, analysis and synthesis. The novelty of the article resides in the identification of the trends in the Russian-Mongolian relationship development. Russia and Mongolia are the next-door neighbors. Moreover, the historical roots of the traditional centuries-old ties have almost an 800-year history. We point out that within all this period, the distinctive features of the relationship of the two States were characterized by the mutual aid within the framework of the military-political union, as well as by an innovative nature of interaction. The military-political union of Russia (subsequently, of the USSR) and Mongolia provided not only the restoration and the subsequent preservation of independence of the two countries, but also made an essential contribution to the preservation of freedom and independence of the USSR and Mongolia. The aforementioned union has accelerated the end of World War 2, saved millions of lives including the Japanese ones, and it has accorded the decisive assistance in the liberation of the people of China, Korea, Vietnam, Burma, and also gave an impetus to the national liberation movement of the entire Asia. Results We point out that the aggravation of the relations between Russia and the West due to the events in Ukraine caused the public embarrassment in the Mongolian society, which is correlated with the powerful pressure exerted by the USA and the European Union, which is aimed at disintegration. Conclusions and Relevance At the present time, the military and political union of Russia and Mongolia is facing the severe challenge.
Keywords: military-political union, Russian-Mongolian, relations, Ukraine, Crimea, People's Republic of China, referendum, Khalkhyn Gol
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