Subject. The article discusses the introduction of a Pigouvian tax on greenhouse gas emissions. Objectives. The objective of the study is to develop methods for setting the target level of CO2 emissions by Russian aircraft, based on Russia's national interests (both economic and environmental). Methods. The emission target was set on the basis of the classical approach of determining the economically optimal level of pollution at the intersection of the curves of marginal damage from pollution and marginal costs of eliminating pollution. The assessment of marginal costs of reducing CO2 emissions was based on the learning curves in the field of research and development aimed at reducing emissions. Results. We developed a method to set up the target level of CO2 emissions by Russian aircraft based on Russia's national interests (economic and environmental), rather than on external requirements dictated by competitor nations. Conclusions. According to the calculations on the basis of realistic estimates of fixed costs for reducing the carbon dioxide emissions, the utility is maximized with a reduction of CO2 emissions by 10% (for this method of assessing the damage to the State and with the realistic estimates of fixed cost of reducing carbon dioxide emissions).
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