Subject Diagnosis for the crop production development on the basis of a core set of statistical indicators enables to comprehensively study the condition of the country's agricultural industry, assess the food security of Russia and the import substitution policy for agricultural products. Objectives The aim of the study is to perform a comprehensive analysis and diagnostics of the agricultural industry, in particular, the crop production, in the strategic regions of the Southern Federal District, to identify the key factors and reasons for an increase and decrease in basic indicators. Methods We employ methods of economic and statistical analysis, observation, comparison, description, measurement, formalization, factor analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, modeling, etc. Results We examined basic statistics to explore and evaluate the agricultural industry, particularly the crop production of the Russian Federation and its constituent entities. The paper includes a factor analysis of fluctuations in the gross production of major crops, states the change in the sale of basic crop products, the amount of consumption by the population per year, and assesses the Russia’s transition to food independence through a detailed review of the balance of food resources by basic crop product. Conclusions The Russian agriculture demonstrates stable growth rates. They are confirmed by the successful harvest in 2017 and 2018, saturation of the domestic market with Russian food products, growth of exports and collapse of imports of certain types of crops.
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