Importance On the basis of archival material, the article analyzes the economic experiments on cultivation of technical crops in Crimea during the period preceding the outbreak of the Second World War. Objectives The paper aims to explore the economic substance and socioeconomic impact of the events in the agriculture of Crimea for the period of 1930–1950. Methods For the study, we used a set of methods of comparative and historical analysis. Results We have considered the Soviet experience in products import substitution and protection of national interests in the sphere of cultivation of technical crops in Crimea during the period of 1930–1950. As well, we have analyzed the changes in indicators characterizing the efficiency and inefficiency of economic experiments on cultivation of krym-saghyz used for rubber substance production, cotton plant, and teasel in the agriculture of Crimea. Conclusions We conclude that agricultural production in the Crimea should be economically developed on the basis of the most complete and sustainable use of the unique natural conditions and climatic potential of the peninsula. The paper invites to focus the agricultural regional policy on the rational use of powerful scientific potential of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, its experience, its field laboratories that can be actively engaged in research and experiments with crops.
Keywords: national economy, economic experiment, industrial crops, efficiency
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