Subject The article deals with the issue of value of innovation for the economic system of regions and the population. Objectives The aim of the work is to study, through new techniques, the socio-economic dimension of regional innovation systems in Russia, namely their effect on gross regional product and ensuring a high quality of life of the population. Methods The theoretical justification of the impact of regional innovation systems on the socio-economic development is a conceptual component of the analysis. The determination of per GDP unit and per capita indicators for innovation on the basis of available statistics is an empirical component of the analysis. The paper shows the calculated average and median indicator values for all federal districts. Results The paper presents the values of per unit and per capita indicators of innovative activity in all regions of Russia, as well as the most successful ones. Distribution of innovation in the country differs from innovation distribution in per unit and per capita terms. Conclusions The effect of regional innovation systems on the economy and society can be determined per GRP unit and per capita, and this can be used to monitor the situation in the country. I found a new form of inequality between the subjects of the Russian Federation on innovation security of economy and population. That is a public task. The task can be addressed through the establishment of new targets for innovation development in State programs.
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