Assessment of the balanced development of dairy cattle breeding in the regions: Private indexes, identification of imbalances and building balance profiles
Subject. Structural proportions and imbalances in the functioning of regional dairy cattle breeding, as well as methods of their complex diagnostics. Objectives. To develop and verify a methodology for the integral assessment of the balance of dairy cattle breeding, which made it possible to simultaneously diagnose the condition and identify bottlenecks for subsequent targeted management impact. Methods. The research was based on systematic, balanced, and normative approaches combined with cyclic-genetic logic. Results. A system of indicators is constructed, grouped into six balances, and for each indicator a target industry standard and a stimulator/distimulator are set; a classification of five levels of imbalance is proposed – from absolute to high balance. It has been established that the key "levers" of balance are the feed base and herd reproduction, rather than traditional milk yields. The multiplicative form of the index excludes compensation for failures: neither high yields nor subsidies can "mask" a critical imbalance, for example, in reproduction or ecology. Testing in three contrasting regions has confirmed the differentiating ability of the tool and its suitability for regional agricultural policy. Conclusions. The proposed methodology provides a holistic, normatively oriented diagnosis of systemic imbalances. The methodology is intended for use by the regional agribusiness management bodies, line ministries and research organizations. Areas of application: annual monitoring of the balance of dairy cattle breeding in the subjects of the Russian Federation; justification of the differentiated distribution of subsidies between municipal districts; formation of regional balance passports.
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