Subject. The evolution of industrial policy in the context of global digital transformation. Objectives. To identify patterns of transformation of government instruments and identify key conditions for their effectiveness to ensure the digital transformation of industry in modern conditions. Methods. The research is based on a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach that includes a theoretical analysis of the evolution of industrial policy, a systematization of government support tools, and an empirical assessment of the impact of digital technologies on the industrial sector. The main methods and stages of the methodological framework include historical and retrospective methods, systematization and comparative analysis, as well as statistical and systematic approaches. The information base was compiled by the Rosstat, international organizations, and ministries of industry of foreign countries. Results. The influence of the evolution of industrial policy on the formation of modern mechanisms of state regulation of digitalization is shown. The key stages of transformation of the logic of government intervention are highlighted – from passive support to active ecosystem management. Financial and non-financial instruments to support the digitalization of industry are systematized using the example of ten countries for 2014–2023. The comparative characteristics of national industrial policy models (Germany, China, USA, etc.) according to the degree of institutional coherence are presented. For a structured analysis of the effectiveness of support measures, data on the implementation of IoT and industrial robots are systematized. A comparative characteristic of approaches to assessing the effectiveness of industrial policy in developed and developing economies is presented. Conclusions. The evolution of industrial policy from reactive intervention to active ecosystem management makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of government regulation, ensure synergy of financial and non-financial support tools, and create sustainable conditions for digital transformation and technological sovereignty of national industry.
Keywords: industrial policy, digital transformation, government regulation, support tools, ecosystem management
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