The article deals with the external and internal factors of impact on air transportation, factors of the economic and political environment. The article considers the structure of the population and railways density in Russia as to the air flows in regions. The paper studies the social aspect that can affect the development of regional airlines. It presents a calculation of the population structure dependence on the state of development of the transport system of each region. Political factors have an impact on the market of passenger air traffic, creating additional barriers and restrictions on the activities of agents, or, on the contrary, additional features and benefits. The timely detection of external threats and management of airline from outside would help the Russian airlines to overcome various barriers to enter the aviation market. The understanding of these main directions and tendencies of the development of external regulation of the market of passenger air transportation will promote fast reaction of airlines in the conditions of change of the requirements to flights which are set by external regulation and more quick reaction to economy changes. The population welfare depends on the factors of the economic and social environment. It is obvious that these factors influence the population density structure in regions, life expectancy and population growth, and what is more important, on the purchasing power of passengers on which the demand for passenger air traveling depends. All these factors are necessary to consider the situation in regions, and to identify the global problems faced by the State and regional airlines.
Keywords: air carrier, aviation industry, civil aviation, economic analysis, low-cost aviation, cluster analysis, population structure, regional analysis
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