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Comparative analysis of combat manifestations of separatism in the Russian Far East and China: lessons learned and possible solutions to problems

Morozov Yu.V. candidate of military sciences, professor, senior researcher, Institute for Far Eastern Studies ( morozovyury51@yandex.ru )

Journal: National interests: priorities and security, #7, 2014

The article examines manifestations of separatism in the Far East as a threat to the sovereignty and security of Russia. Analyzes to combat this phenomenon in China. Suggests possible steps the central government to reduce Russian separatist sentiment in the country based on China's experience. Noted that the development of the region's economy instead of ethnic migrants expedient be contracted Russian specialists from the central regions of the country where the economy is stagnating.

Promising areas for the SCO development in Eurasia

Morozov Yu.V. Institute for US and Canadian Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation ( morozovyury51@yandex.ru )

Journal: National interests: priorities and security, #1, 2018

Importance As India and Pakistan acceded the SCO as its full members, this marked the onset of the SCO in Eurasia. This will lay the firm basis for the multipolar world advocated by Russia and China.
Objectives The research analyzes contradictions in the Russian–Chinese relationships under the SCO that arise from geopolitical changes and challenges in its activities. Based on the conclusions, I outline areas for the SCO development in Eurasia as part of economic, security and humanitarian cooperation.
Methods The research relies upon a horizontal and comparative analysis of the SCO activity and global events. I also overview official documents and proceedings by national and foreign scholars. The research also involves the content analysis of the policy and strategy of the SCO countries and compares their results with anticipated possibilities and challenges in Eurasia.
Results The Eurasian space is shown to be of geostrategic and economic significance for the SCO countries since its helps oust the USA from global leadership positions, load domestic industrial capacities and develop the national infrastructure, reach new distribution markets, this contributing to the multipolar world.
Conclusions and Relevance As I conclude, India and Pakistan's accession to the SCO provide new opportunities for the SCO in Eurasia. To seize the opportunities, I propose how pending issues of the SCO might be solved, possible approaches to admitting new members and implementing economic projects. I underline the need to protect the SCO countries and strengthen the information and humanitarian policies.

The U.S. arsenal of ‘soft power’ as a threat to the security of the SCO countries

Morozov Yu.V. Institute for US and Canadian Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation ( morozovyury51@yandex.ru )

Journal: National interests: priorities and security, #12, 2017

Importance From macroeconomic perspectives, the USA focuses on domestic economic growth and reallocation of global resources in the U.S. favor. From geopolitical perspectives, the USA strives to keep its dominance in international affairs.
Objectives I analyze the form and methods of the U.S. ‘soft power’ arsenal, determine where the U.S. employs its ‘soft/smart power’ and identify methods the USA uses in the information warfare against Russia, application of ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ power against China. I also review indirect activities against non-grata States, principal trends in the U.S. peacekeeping campaigns.
Methods I conduct a horizontal and comparative analysis of global events, use official documents and proceedings by the Russian and foreign scholars. I also perform the content analysis of the U.S. policy and strategy for the ‘soft power’ arsenal and compare the findings with possible threats to the SCO countries.
Results The article demonstrates that the U.S. will deploy the information warfare methods against those countries which advocate the multipolar world and strive to their independence from the USA. The USA may implement the indirect approach strategy in relation to the non-grata States, demonstrating its preparedness for military actions and neglecting principles of international laws.
Conclusions and Relevance Whereas the USA consistently resorts to the arsenal of ‘soft power’, it fuels the global instability and threatens the national security of some countries, including the SCO countries. The national sovereignty of the SCO States shall be protected in case of sanctions, and collective efforts shall be made to address key regional and global issues.

The 2016 Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and its goals for security of its integration plans

Klimenko A.F. Institute of Far Eastern Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation ( klimenko46@mail.ru )

Morozov Yu.V. Institute of Far Eastern Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation ( morozovyury51@yandex.ru )

Journal: National interests: priorities and security, #10, 2016

Importance Currently, the Central Asian region undergoes a substantial geopolitical shift, which results in a stronger position of China. Beijing and Moscow become the principal partners of the Central Asian States in economy and security. Analyzing the Chinese project of the Silk Road Economic Belt and challenges for its implementation, we provide the rationale for strengthened powers and capacities of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which is called to bring the Chinese project into life.
Objectives The research constitutes a more extensive analysis of economic objectives proposed by Uzbekistan, i.e. ensuring the security of the Chinese project of the Silk Road Economic Belt.
Methods Relying upon analysis and synthesis, we overview conceptual areas for the SCO activities, which were embodied in the Chinese Road Map for joint construction of the Silk Road Belt. We conducted a content analysis of national and foreign literature and individual researches.
Results The article underlines key issues that prevent the People's Republic of China and Shanghai Cooperation Organization from implementing their strategic plans in the Central Asian region. As we note, they will be obstructed by the Islamic extremism, the situation in Afghanistan and the Western strategy in the region. It makes the SCO respond respectively to security challenges in the Central Asian region.
Conclusions and Relevance The research enumerates some specific areas for ensuring the security in the SCO region and implementing the Silk Road Economic Belt project, preparing the Concept for Regional Security of the SCO, etc. It would be reasonable to set up a procedure for monitoring sources of threats to the SCO and exchange of respective information, decision-making procedure and rules for the relevant structures of the SCO to perform those decisions.

The significance of humanitarian cooperation of Russia and China with their Central Asian partners in the framework of Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Morozov Yu.V. Institute of Far Eastern Studies, RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation ( morozovyury51@yandex.ru )

Safronova E.I. Institute of Far Eastern Studies, RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation ( louzela@rambler.ru )

Journal: National interests: priorities and security, #32, 2014

The article shows to what extend the humanitarian dimension of contemporary international rela-tions (IR) became influential. The authors make an attempt to warn against the underestimation of the humanitarian factor in the global arena. That underestimation may lead not only to a varie-ty of problems, which hinder the development of the bilateral and multilateral relations of IR-subjects, but also may create some difficulties in other levels of their interaction - political, eco-nomic and defensive ones, etc. The article presents authors' perception of the "soft power" and the place of humanitarian cooperation in the "soft power" concept, and also the paper analyzes the strong points and weaknesses of the humanitarian cooperation of Russia, China and some other countries - the SCO member-states. The paper considers the problems, which impede the promotion of the Russia's positive image in the Central Asian region countries. The authors pro-vide an analysis of the experience of the Russian universities' branches in the Central Asian re-gional countries, which demonstrate the growing need in expanding of the network of schools in the Central Asia with the Russian educational curriculum. The authors also examine the features of the Chinese modern "soft power" tactics in regard to the Central Asian countries of the SCO segment. The paper also provides a number of recommendations for the authorities, which bear responsibility for promoting of the Russia's humanitarian cooperation with the foreign countries in such areas as cultural dialogue, health care, scientific research and education, information and ecology as well as, cooperation in an area of the elimination and management of the natural and the man-made disasters. The authors provide the directions of the further interaction taking into account the capacities and interests, which concern not only Russia, but also its strategic partners - China and the states of the Central Asia. The main conclusions of the article are as follows: a) by its significance, the current humanitarian activities we may put on a par with the foreign policy and the economic efforts of a state, aimed at safeguarding of the state's interests abroad; b) by the implementation, the Russian-Chinese joint humanitarian initiatives became the new humani-tarian "breakthrough", which may enhance not only the "soft power" positions, but also the over-all potential of the SCO as well.

The Arctic as part of the NATO strategy and paths of Russia's relationships with the Northeast Asia in the region

Morozov Yu.V. Institute of Far East of RAS, Institute of USA and Canada of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation ( morozovyury51@yandex.ru )

Klimenko A.F. Institute of Far East of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation ( klimenko46@mail.ru )

Journal: National interests: priorities and security, #17, 2015

Importance The 21st century is seeing how countries are vying for their access to energy resources, which, if available, shape the economic destiny of the country in the foreseeable future. Oil and gas reserves are depleting, with shale gas production still being very expensive. In these circumstances, the Arctic and its substantial hydrocarbon reserves, convenient cross-continental sea and air routes attracts more and more attention of the developed States. It fuels a race for control over the region. Some developed States of the Northeast Asia joined this race to pursue their national interests in the Arctic.
     Objectives Whereas the Arctic becomes even more important for the national interests of Russia, Russia approved The Fundamentals of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic for the period up to 2020 and onwards, in 2008. The article shows changes in the global geopolitical situation in 2014-2015, which influenced the Russian buildup plans in the Arctic.
     Methods Based on an analysis and synthesis of the leading global States' policies and strategies, the article investigates the challenges to the regional stability in the Arctic that affect Russia's interests. We apply a content analysis of regulatory literature and original studies.
     Results We point out key aspects of the Northeast Asia's activities in the region. Considering the situation in Ukraine, the Western countries imposed sanctions against Russia to isolate it globally. In this respect, the Russian and Northeast Asian cooperation becomes especially important for exploration of the Arctic. It especially refers to the Northeast Asian investment, transfer of information and telecommunications technologies and supplies of equipment used to develop deep water and arctic oil and natural gas reserves. China may become a crucial strategic partner of Russia in exploring and developing the Arctic region.
     Conclusions and Relevance The research proposes aspects for further cooperation of Russia and the States to explore the economic potential of the Arctic. It also outlines possible steps of the Russian Government to counteract the Western sanctions. We point out that, considering the growing military efforts of the Western countries in the Arctic region, it is reasonable to continue deploying adequate forces and facilities and developing the infrastructure to protect the national interests of Russia in the region.

Falsification of the results of World War II as part of the information campaign against Russia

Morozov Yu.V. Institute of Far East Studies, Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation ( morozovyury51@yandex.ru )

Journal: National interests: priorities and security, #25, 2015

Importance In 2015, the global community holds massive celebrations of the 70th anniversary after the anti-German coalition won the Nazi Germany and militarist Japan. However, advocates of the unipolar world have their own interests to diminish the role of Russia in international affairs as part of a new interpretation of the results of the World War II, thus transforming Russia's image from the Winner State into the aggressor. The results of World War II are falsified actively and continuously as part of the information campaign against Russia.
     Objectives The article pursues demonstrating that World War II has not yet become a page in the dim and distant past for many nations, and its outcome still influences the contemporary geopolitical processes. That is the reason for uncovering those who falsify the history and cast doubts on lessons and results of World War II.
     Methods I investigate the contemporary formats and methods used to distort the results of World War II. The article presents an in-depth analysis of those who may benefit from such falsification. I apply broad factual materials and compare original researches, perform the content analysis of monographs and articles by the leading historians. The research uses a horizontal comparative analysis.
     Results Relying upon historical facts of the World War II history, I display the real contribution the Red Army and the anti-German coalition allies made to batter the Nazi Germany and Japanese militarism.
     Conclusions and Relevance I conclude that the current information campaign distorts historical facts of World War II as its main ideas and purpose. The research unveils the main purpose of historical falsifiers, i.e. to distort the truth so to keep the unipolar world, gradually destroy the fundamentals of the multipolar world. I disclose concepts of the falsifiers, which regard the communism idea of the total social equality with the idea of racial supremacy followed by the National Socialism supporters on equal terms. As a conclusion, I call the Russian experts and foreign analysts for protecting the true history of World War II from falsifications. The truth should be convincingly told to today's generations of people living all over the world. Doing this complicated and painstaking work, we contribute to the future of the entire humankind.

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