Importance The article discusses the issues of improvement of the mechanism of formation of regional economic systems, national and international, including through the use of geo-economic and geo-cultural approaches. Objectives The paper aims to justify the need to take into account the geo-economic and geo-cultural factor in socio-economic development of regions. Methods For the study, I used theoretical and empirical analyses. As a case study, I consider the Baikal region, identifying it as a specific geo-economic and geo-cultural region of the country that participates in global reproduction process. Results In this paper, I identify the factors that characterize the territory as a geo-economic region of water resource, transit, oil and gas, and electricity types participating in the global competition. The paper presents certain details of and describes the geo-cultural components of the Baikal region, and it assumes a pronounced relationship between geo-economic and geo-cultural factors contributing to shape its economic complex. As well, the paper characterizes the region as a geo-cultural one, given its ethnic, religious and educational backgrounds. Conclusions The paper stresses the need to generate geo-economic regions of the country to enhance the global competitiveness of regional and national economies and effectively integrate them into the world economic system. The paper notes that geo-cultural factors are to play a significant role through contributing to sustainable socio-economic development of the region.
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