Subject Peasant farms, being small businesses, are equitable entities of agribusiness. They produce 10% of agricultural products. Therefore, considering the organization of accounting and taxation for this category of economic entities is important for both the production development and budget formation at various levels. Objectives The core objective of the study is to solve the problems related to maintaining accounting records, and choosing and optimizing the taxation systems by farms. Methods Based on monographic, analytical methods and the comparison technique, we assess country farms as a sector of land economies, and substantiate the optimal system of taxation applied by these entities. Results The main result of the study is a comparative assessment of the forms of organization and maintenance of accounting records, which farms may choose, given the size, scale, and specific features of agricultural production. This will allow them to choose the best approaches to generating the information flows to manage their operations. The developed recommendations on tax burden optimization will help increase the efficiency of agricultural production and mitigate entrepreneurial risks. Conclusions The research focuses on increasing the efficiency of farm functioning on the basis of the offered approaches to organizing the accounting information for management purposes and recommendations on choosing the taxation system that will enable to increase the synergetic effect of the management system of these economic entities.
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