Importance In view of the increased risks of expansion of products of more economically developed countries (in the context of increasing globalization) to the food markets of developing countries, the support for domestic agricultural producers is becoming particularly relevant. The beef and dairy cattle breeding are recognized as priority areas. Objectives Based on the analysis of production of beef and dairy cattle breeding broken down by regions, I try to identify the degree of attaining the objectives of the State program of agricultural development and regulation of agricultural products, and the problems, which exist in the industry, and to make recommendations to overcome them. Methods On the basis of econometric techniques, integrated approach, statistical analysis, I make suggestion on insufficient efficiency of measures to support the beef and dairy cattle breeding in the country. The paper identifies the problem of beef and dairy cattle breeding, makes recommendations to improve the efficiency of government support measures in order to implement the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation "On State program for the development of agriculture and management of agricultural markets, raw materials and food stuff for the period of 2013-2020" of July 14, 2012 № 717. The recommendations may be used while realizing the State agricultural policy. Results I substantiate the insufficient efficiency of measures to support the beef and dairy cattle breeding in Russia. Using the case of some regions, I show that only a comprehensive approach to solving the problems enables not only to achieve the quantitative growth of meat and milk production, but also to reduce its costs and increase production profitability. Conclusions and Relevance The paper emphasizes the need to change the approaches to the structure of the agricultural development program and its comprehensive modernization.
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