Subject The article considers the ecologic and economic effects of the introduction of environmental management systems (EMS) under ISO 14001 and EMAS (European Eco-Management and Audit Scheme). Objectives The aim is to review ISO 14001 and EMAS. The relevance of the analysis is caused by the beginning of a three-year transition period to the new ISO 14001 requiring coordination of goals and targets of companies' eco-management with real ecological problems of the territory the company is located in. Methods The paper rests on a detailed bibliographic analysis. The criteria of selecting works for the analysis include measurability and harmonization of analyzed parameters of ecologic and economic efficiency, comparability of environmental management systems by scope, and some others. Results The research unveiled short- and long-term effects from implementing ISO 14001 and EMAS, as well as possible causes of low efficiency of environmental management systems. Conclusions and Relevance The transfer to the new version of ISO 14001, which is expected in Russia within the coming months, will enable to eliminate important factors of poor EMS performance. The findings may serve as materials for perfecting eco-management at Russian enterprises.
Keywords: environmental management system, ISO 14001, EMAS, efficiency, panel data, survey data
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